This course is aimed at students seeking to understand how international business operates in conditions of instability, where disruptions are not exceptional but constitutive of the global environment. It approaches crises not only as events to be managed, but as processes that reshape markets, organizations, and decision-making. Through a combination of conceptual grounding and applied analysis, the course equips students to interpret unfolding developments and to act within settings where information is incomplete, outcomes uncertain, and stakes high.

Objectives
- To develop an understanding of crisis, uncertainty, and change as structural conditions of international business
- To examine historical, philosophical, and contemporary perspectives on crises and their implications for global markets
- To analyse how geopolitical, technological, financial, and environmental disruptions affect firms and industries
- To explore organizational and managerial responses to crisis situations
- To foster the ability to evaluate strategic options under conditions of incomplete information and uncertainty

Competences
- Ability to identify and interpret different types of crises affecting international business
- Ability to analyse the impact of global disruptions on firms, industries, and value chains
- Ability to apply conceptual frameworks to real-world business situations under uncertainty
- Ability to formulate and justify strategic decisions in complex and unstable environments
- Ability to critically reflect on the role of individuals and organizations in times of crisis and change

1. Core Concepts: Uncertainty, Crisis, Change
2. Western and Eastern Philosophies of Crisis and Change
3. Historical Crises and Economic Transformation; Globalization and Financial Crises
4. Geopolitics, Conflict and International Business
5. Technological Disruption
6. Climate, Resources and Extraction
7. Systemic Shocks and Supply Chains
8. Uncertainty in Practice: Fat Tails, Black Swans and Grey Rhinos
9. Crisis Management: Social and Organizational Perspectives
10. International Business Decision-Making Under Pressure
11. Scenarios, Foresight and Strategic Adaptation
12. Wellbeing, Agency and Resilience in Times of Crisis and Change